- Barrier Methods- method were no sperm can pass into the female reproductive tract.
Male Condoms
- Female Condoms
- Contraceptive Sponge
Cervical Cap
Diaphragm
- Hormonal contraception- made up of female sex hormones like estrogen and progestin.
There are different ways to take hormonal contraception: oral, injection, and implanted.
Birth Control Pills (Oral)
-Combined oral contraceptive pill-it is a combined estrogen and progesterone pill which is taken daily at the same time.
-Progesterone only pill- Injection
-Combined injectable contraceptive: a monthly injection of progesterone and estradiol.
-Depo Provera: injection of progesterone administered every three months. - Implanted
Progesterone IntraUterine System: it is inserted into the uterus by a health care professional, where it continuously releases progesterone.
-Contraceptive patch: an adhesive patch containing hormones which is applied to the skin and worn continuously. It is changed each week for three weeks and removed for one week
-Contraceptive vaginal ring-a flexible ring containing estrogen and progesterone, it is inserted into the vagina and worn for three continuous weeks, removed for one week, then replaced with a new ring.
Tubal Ligation- permanently blocks female’s uterine tube where sperm join egg.
Vasectomy- permanently blocks male’s vas deferentia that carries sperm.
- For most Hormonal contraception there are side effects are:
Weight gain
Irregular menstrual bleeding
Increased blood pressure
Adverse effects on cholesterol and lipid levels
Abdominal discomfort
Dizziness
Hair loss
Headaches
Loss of bone density
Mood changes
Nervousness
Weakness or fatigue
Application site reaction
Breast tenderness
Menstrual cramps
Upper respiratory infection
